REYNOLDS MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 



Unveiling of the Statue 



OF 



General John F. Reynolds, 



PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER 18, 1884. 



REYNOLDS MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



Unveiling of the Statue 



OF 



General John F. Reynolds, 



PHIUDELPHIA, SEPTEMBER 18, 1884. 



t^l 



fo^ 



s^" 



Bxcbanire 
West. Bee. Hlrt. Boo. 



-3 



I THE REYNOLDS STATUE. 



CS 



On the 1st of July, 1881, a meeting was held at the Union League 
House, Philadelphia, to act upon the offer made by Mr. Joseph E. 
Temple to subscribe twenty-five thousand dollars for a bronze eques- 
trian statue of Major-General John Fulton Reynolds. The following 

letter from Mr. Temple was read : 

Philadelphia, July 1, 1881. 

To THE Treasurer Eeyjstolds Monument Association: 

Dear Sir, — In accordance with and in confirmation of my promise, 
I agree to pay twenty-five thousand dollars as my subscription for the 
equestrian statue of General John F. Reynolds. I trust the Commit- 
tee will be able to secure a further sum through the different military 
and civil associations of individuals who admired General Reynolds's 
bravery and devotion to his country. I hope that the General Meade 
and General Reynolds Committees will act in concert, so that the statues 
of these two heroic soldiers may typify their friendship by standing 
together to perpetuate their memory. 

I should like to have inscribed on the pedestal of the Reynolds 
statue : 

GENERAL JOHN F. REYNOLDS, 

Pennsylvania's hero, 
Who Fell at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. 

Yours, etc., 

Joseph E. Temple. 

After which, the Reynolds Memorial Association was organized as ] 
follows : ' 

On the part of 

The State of Pennsylvania. — The Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, 
Speaker of the House, and Adjutant-General. 

First Corps, Army of the Potomac. — General John C. Robinson, 
Colonel G. C. Benedict, Captain J. G. Rosengarten. 

Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. — Colonel Clayton McMichael, 
Major J. B. Fassitt, Dr. E. L. Welling. 

Pennsylvania Reserve Association. — General Lemuel Tod, General 
John Taylor, General C. W. Hazzard. 

3 



4 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Association of Graduates of West Point Military Academy. — 
Professor Kendrick, General Russell Thayer, Lieutenant Braden. 

Grand Army of the Republic. — General W. W. Dudley, General 
Hastings, Captain A. M. K. Storrie. 

Society of the Army of the Potomac. — General W. B. Franklin, 
General H. W. Slocum, General H. G. Wright. 

Military Order of the Loyal Legion. — General S. D. Oliphant, 
Major John W. Duncan, General H. G. Sickel. 

Third U. 8. Artillery. — General Getty. 

Fifth U. S. Infantry. — Colonel Lugenbeel. 

Fourteenth U. S. Infantry. — Colonel Hunt. 

Eleventh Corps. — General Charles Devens. 

Buford's Cavalry Division. — General J. B. Mcintosh. 

Governor A. G. Curtin was elected president, and J. G. Rosen- 
garten secretary and treasurer. The generous offer of Mr. Temple 
was heartily and gratefully accepted, and the following appeal was 
issued. 

To ALL, Soldiers who Served with Reynolds: 

At a meeting held at the Union League in Philadelphia, on the 
1st of July, 1881, the eighteenth anniversary of the death of General 
John Fulton Reynolds at Gettysburg, it was resolved to form an 
association to erect an equestrian statue of that heroic soldier. Mr. J. 
E. Temple subscribed twenty-five thousand dollars. The Grand Army 
of the Republic, the Society of the Army of the Potomac, the Military 
Order of the Loyal Legion, the Pennsylvania Reserves, the Third 
U. S. Artillery, the Fifth and the Fourteenth U. S. Infantry, the 
Association of Graduates of West Point, the First Corps, the Third 
Corps, the Eleventh Corps, Buford's Cavalry Division, and other 
military and civil organizations, heartily endorse the proposed monu- 
ment as a fitting recognition of Reynolds's services. All soldiers who 
served with Reynolds are invited to contribute according to their 
means. A dollar from every man who was with Reynolds in his 
successive commands, from the time he left West Point until he fell 
at Gettysburg, will abundantly provide the sum required. Send 
whatever you can give, be it much or little; do what you can to secure 
additional subscriptions, and forward them to J. G. Rosengarten, 
Treasurer, 532 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, who will promptly ac- 
knowledge the receipt. 

By order of the Executive Committee Reynolds Monument As- 
sociation. A r^ m n 'J 1 

A. G. Curtin, President. 



UNVEILING OF TEE STATUE. 5 

The Executive Committee consisted of the following : 

First Corps. — Colonel James Ashworth, succeeded, on his death, 
by Colonel Alexander Biddle. 

Third Corps. — Colonel Clayton McMichael. 

Cavalry Corps. — General J. B. Mcintosh. 

Society of the Army of the Potomac. — General John C. Robinson, 
represented by General C. T. H. Collis. 

Loyal Legion. — Colonel J. P. Nicholson. 

Ghrmd Army of the Republic. — General Louis Wagner. 

Pennsylvania Reserves. — General Langhorne Wister. 

Association of Graditates of West Point Military Academy. — Gen- 
eral Russell Thayer. 

Third U. 8. Artillery. — General H. G. Gibson, represented by 
General James W. Latta. 

Fifth U. 8. Infantry. — Captain Simon Snyder, represented by 
Colonel Geo. W. Woodward. 

Fourteenth U. 8. Infantry. — General Hunt, represented by Captain 
Geo. W. Davis. 

Fairmount Park Commission. — Hon. John Welsh. 

Fairmount Park Art Association. — C. J. Harrah. 

With these there were also associated the following : 

Mr. James Beale, Twelfth Massachusetts. 

Thos. J. Stewart, Assistant Adjutant-General, Grand Army of the 
Republic, Department of Pennsylvania. 

The officers of General John F. Reynolds Post, No. 71, Grand 
Army of the Republic. 

S. C. Perkins, President, John McArthur, Jr., Architect, Commission 
for the Erection of the Public Buildings. 

General Richard Coulter, Wallace W. Johnson, and the repre- 
sentatives of various regiments formerly serving under Reynolds, and 
the Grand Army of the Republic Posts, and other organizations and 
individuals contributing to the memorial fund. 

The Legislature of Pennsylvania endorsed the proposed memorial 
by the following joint resolution : 

Whereas, Mr. Joseph E. Temple, a generous citizen of Philadel- 
phia, has subscribed the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars for an 
equestrian statue of General John Fulton Reynolds, to be erected in 



6 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Philadelphia, as a memorial of the gratitude of the people of Penn- 
sylvania for the services of that gallant soldier, and the sacrifice of his 
life in defence of the Union on the soil of his native State ; and 

Whereas, It is eminently proper that the Commonwealth of Penn- 
sylvania should share with its citizens in doing honor to one of its 
great soldiers ; therefore, 

Be it Resolved, That the Governor be, and he is hereby, authorized 
and requested to give such number of old brass guns in the State 
Arsenal as may be necessary to supply the material for a bronze statue 
of General Reynolds; and for this purpose the Governor, and the 
Speakers of the Senate and House of Representatives, together with 
the Adjutant-General of the State, be appointed a commission on the 
part of the State to co-operate with the committee appointed by the 
citizens and soldiers and organizations taking part in the proposed 
memorial of General Reynolds. 

Resolved, That the State of Pennsylvania, through its representa- 
tives, returns its thanks to Mr. Temple for his patriotic example of the 
recognition due to the services of General Reynolds, and for the noble 
instance of a private citizen thus voluntarily encouraging his fellow- 
countrymen in perpetuating the memory of that gallant soldier, to 
whose bravery and devotion this State, together with the whole country, 
owe a debt of imperishable gratitude. 

Subsequently the State appropriated the sum of five thousand dol- 
lars for a pedestal for the statue. 

The Society of the Army of the Potomac, at its annual meeting 
for 1881, at Hartford, Conn., took action as follows: 

General Franklin, after eulogizing the distinguished services of 
General John F. Reynolds, deceased, oifered the following resolutions, 
which were unanimously adopted : 

KESOLUTIONS APPEOVING AND INVITING SUBSCRIPTIONS TO A 
FUND FOR AN EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF GENERAL JOHN F. 
REYNOLDS, ADOPTED BY THE SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF THE 
POTOMAC. 

Whereas, A generous citizen of Philadelphia, Mr. J. E. Temple, 
offers to subscribe the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars towards an 
equestrian statue of General John F. Reynolds ; 

Resolved, That the Society of the Army of the Potomac heartily 
approve the proposed memorial, and recommend it to its members, to 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 7 

all who served under and with Reynolds, and especially to his own, the 
First Corps, as well as to the Third and Eleventh Corps and Buford's 
Cavalry Division, Reynolds's command when he fell at Gettysburg. 

Resolved, That a committee of three, together with the officers of 
this Society, be appointed to co-operate with similar committees from 
other organizations, in taking the requisite steps to raise such additional 
sum as shall be required to complete the amount needed for the proper 
execution of the proposed memorial. 

Resolved, That this Society appeal to the public, as well as to its 
members and all soldiers, to subscribe to the proposed memorial, that 
it may suitably record and recall the principal events of Reynolds's 
long and distinguished military career : his services in the Florida war 
and the war with Mexico ; his gallant leadership of the Division of the 
Pennsylvania Reserves through the battles on the Peninsula; his hero- 
ism in the battles before Washington ; his indomitable perseverance in 
organizing the militia for the campaign in Maryland ; his distinguished 
ability in leading the First Corps at Fredericksburg and Chancellors- 
ville; his skill in handling the three Corps and the Cavalry Division 
in the campaign that ended in the battle of Gettysburg; his share in 
securing that victory, and his heroic death on the battle-field at the head 
of his brave soldiers in the opening hour of the contest. 

The President appointed as such committee, — General W. B. 
Franklin, Hartford, Conn. ; General Horatio G. Wright, Washington, 
D. C. ; General Henry W. Slocum, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

The Grand Army of the Republic, through General Louis Wag- 
ner, its commander-in-chief, issued a general order, containing the fol- 
lowing : 

The services of General Reynolds during the war were of a char- 
acter to endear him to the soldiers whose privilege it was to serve 
under him in the Division of the Pennsylvania Reserves, in the First 
Army Corps, in the Third and Eleventh Corps, in Buford's Cavalry 
Division, and the troops he led before and during the Gettysburg cam- 
paign. His victories were theirs, and their achievements contributed to 
his renown. The whole country sees in Reynolds the embodiment of 
that heroism which made the invincible soldier, and a statue in endur- 
ing bronze will show to coming generations that unselfish, patriotic ser- 
vices, even unto death, are not forgotten. 

The Association of Graduates of the United States Military Acad- 
emy at West Point adopted the following : 



8 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Whereas, It is proposed by a patriotic citizen to erect an eques- 
trian statue of Major-General John F. Reynolds in Philadelphia ; 

Resolved, That the erection of a statue to commemorate the services 
and gallant death of our former comrade, friend, and fellow-graduate, 
General John F. Reynolds, who fell so nobly at Gettysburg, meets 
with the earnest approval of this Association ; and 

Resolved, That our presiding officer be authorized to appoint a 
member of this organization to act as its representative in the Reynolds 
Memorial Association. 

Professor Kendrick, in transmitting the foregoing, wrote : " The 
project meets with the most cordial approval of all graduates. Reynolds 
was among the grandest of our great generals. His fellow-citizens, in 
erecting this statue, will give another illustration of that high appre- 
ciation of true nobility for which Philadelphia is already so distin- 
guished." 

At the Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic at Get- 
tysburg, on July 26, 1882, the following comrades were appointed a 
special committee on the Reynolds statue, viz. : 

Comrade Louis Wagner, Post 6, Philadelphia. 

" John Taylor, Post 51, Philadelphia. 

" Chill W. Hazzard, Post 60, Monongahela, Pa. 

" L. H. Martin, Post 5, Philadelphia. 

" S. M. Jackson, Post 89, Apollo, Pa. 

" G. W. Palmer, Post 191, Philadelphia. 

" Alexander Reed, Post 1, Philadelphia. 

And resolutions were adopted urging the Legislature to make provision 
for the pedestal. 

The following petition was largely signed throughout the State, 
and was presented by representatives from all sections on behalf of 
their constituents : 



To THE Honorable the Senate and House of Representa- 
tives OF Pennsylvania : 

The undersigned respectfully petition your honorable bodies to 
appropriate the sum of five thousand dollars towards the expense of a 
pedestal for the equestrian statue of Major-General John Fulton 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 9 

Reynolds. They remind the members of the Legislature that at the 
last session concurrent resolutions were adopted in both House and Sen- 
ate appropriating old brass guns in the State Arsenal, but the bill failed 
to reach the Governor within the proper time. The generous sub- 
scription of Mr. Joseph E. Temple has, however, provided the means 
of defraying the cost of the proposed equestrian statue of General 
Reynolds, and it is now in the course of preparation by a distinguished 
sculptor, Mr. John Rogers. It is believed that a State contribution 
would fitly mark and express the gratitude of the people of Penn- 
sylvania for the life so nobly sacrificed by General Reynolds in defence 
of his country upon the soil of his native State at Gettysburg. The 
soldiers who served with General Reynolds, and those who appreciate 
his services, alike join in this petition, in the hope that his native 
State will share in the monument intended to perpetuate his name and 
fame. 

A bill appropriating five thousand dollars for the pedestal of the 
Reynolds statue was introduced in the House of Representatives by 
Hon. Upton H. White, and, after being eloquently urged by that 
gentleman and a number of his colleagues, it was finally passed in that 
House and in the Senate, where it was introduced by the Hon. George 
Handy Smith, and soon became a law. The Councils of Philadelphia 
adopted resolutions authorizing the Mayor to accept the custody of the 
Reynolds statue, and appointed Messrs. McCormick, Walton, and 
Loeble on the part of Common Council, and Messrs. Patton, Grim, 
and McDevitt on the part of Select Council, who, together with the 
Mayor, took part in the ceremonies of unveiling the statue and the re- 
ception of the guests of the Association on that occasion. The Councils 
also marked their sense of the importance of the occasion by an early 
adjournment on the day of the unveiling, for the purpose of being 
present, and by suitable resolutions of welcome to the distinguished 
visitors. 

On the 18th of February, 1882, the Association, in accordance 
with the suggestion of Mr. Temple, awarded the execution of the 
statue to Mr. John Rogers, the sculptor, and in November, 1883, the 
contract for the pedestal was awarded to Messrs. Douglass Bros. 

On March 20, 1884, Pennsylvania Reserve Post, No. 191, G. A. 
R., adopted the following : 

Resolved, That the erection of the statue of the late General 
John F. Reynolds in Philadelphia meets with the hearty support 



10 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

and sympathy of the members of this body, and they desire to express 
not only their unqualified approval and tiieir deep appreciation of the 
services rendered to his country during the civil war by General 
Reynolds, but also their admiration for his great military genius, and 
their love and respect for him as a commander. As a soldier and 
officer he had few equals and no superiors in the Army of the 
Potomac at the time of his death. His name is one of the brightest 
stars in the constellation of the defenders of the Union, and his 
memory sliould be cherished and his name revered by every soldier 
and citizen who loves the glorious Union for which he died. 

The unveiling of the statue was originally fixed for the 1st of July, 
the anniversary of the heroic death of General Reynolds at the head 
of his advance in front of Gettysburg, but owing to unavoidable 
delay in the completion of the granite base, the day was finally fixed 
for Thursday, the 18th day of September, 1884; and as that was also 
appointed Grand Army Day, and the day for the opening of the new 
United Service Club, under the auspices of the Loyal Legion, and 
the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Reserve Association, the 
occasion was made a general holiday, in which large numbers of 
veterans and great masses of citizens, young and old, joined in doing 
honor to the memory of Reynolds. The following orders were issued 
by the Chief Marshal, General H. G. Sickel : 

UNVEILING OF THE KEYNOLDS STATUE, THURSDAY, SEPTEM- 
BER 18, 1884, AT 4 p.m., NORTH FRONT OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS, 
BROAD AND MARKET STREETS, PHILADELPHIA. 

3 P.M. The Reynolds Monument Association will meet at the 
Union League House (which has been generously offered to the 
Association and its guests by the Directors). 

The Pennsylvania Reserve Association, the Military Order of the 
Loyal Legion, the Grand Army of the Republic, and all other organ- 
ized bodies, will report at the Union League House, at 3 p.m., to the 
Marshal. 

The Girard College Cadets will be the escort from the Union 
League House to the Public Buildings, 

4 P.M. Unveiling of the Reynolds statue. 

1. Ex-Governor Curtin will preside. 

2. Rev. J. Hervey Beale, Chaplain of the Pennsylvania Reserve 
Association, will make a short prayer. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 11 

3. Governor Pattison, on behalf of the State, will present the 
pedestal. 

4. The General John Fulton Reynolds Post, No. 71, G. A. R., 
will unveil the statue. 

5. Ex-Governor Curtin, on behalf of the Association, will present 
the statue. 

6. The Mayor will accept the future custody of the statue. 

7. The President of the Public Buildings Commission will take 
charge of it. 

8. The Oration of Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, of Chicago, 
formerly colonel of the First Pennsylvania Reserves. 

5 P.M. The Pennsylvania Reserve Association will meet at the 
Supreme Court Room (by the courtesy of the Prothonotary, Colonel 
Greene,) immediately on the completion of the unveiling. 

8 P.M. The Reception of the Pennsylvania Reserve Association 
and their guests at the Union League House. 

All organizations intending to participate in the unveiling of the 
Reynolds statue will report forthwith to 

General H. G. Sickel, Marshal. 

OflSice, S W. Corner Sixth and Sansom Sts. 

UNVEILING OF THE EEYNOLDS STATUE. 

Philadelphia, September 18, 1884. 

The procession will form at 3J o'clock p.m., on Broad Street, right 
resting on Sansom Street, facing west, in the following order : 

I. 

General John F. Reynolds Post, No. 71, G. A. R., to which is 
assigned the special duty of unveiling the statue. It will report to 
General Louis Wagner, Marshal, and Chairman of the Committee of 
Arrangements. 

1. Girard College Cadets, Major John "W. Ryan, commanding, 
special escort to the Reynolds Monument Association and invited 
guests. 

2. Reynolds Monument Association, ex-Governor A. G. Curtin, 
President; Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, Orator; Joseph E. Temple, 
Esq.; Rev. J. Hervey Beale, Chaplain. 



12 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

III. 

1. Governor Pattison and Staff, and Heads of Departments of 
the State of Pennsylvania. 

2. Members of the Pennsylvania State Senate. 

3. Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. 

4. Hon. Wm. B. Smith, Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, and 
Hon. Samuel C. Perkins, President of the Public Buildings Commision. 

5. Members of the Public Buildings Commission. 

IV. 

1. Heads of City Departments. 

2. Select and Common Councils of the City of Philadelphia. 

3. U. S. Government Officials located in Philadelphia. 

4. Other invited guests. 

V. 

1. Pennsylvania Reserve Association, acting escort. 

2. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 

3. Army and Navy Officers of the United States on duty or 
leave of absence, and retired officers at Philadelphia. 

4. Major-General John F. Hartranft and Staff. 

5. Brigade Commanders of the National Guard of Pennsylvania 
and their respective Staffs. 

6. Other officers of the National Guard of Pennsylvania. 

VI. 

1. U. S. Cadets of West Point Military Academy. 

2. U. S. Cadets of the Annapolis Naval Academy. 

VII. 

1. The Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic 
of the United States and Staff. 

2. The Commander of the Department of Pennsylvania and Staff, 
Grand Army of the Republic. 

3. Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic. 

4. All other organized bodies and delegations. 

The following committees, announced by the Reynolds Monu- 
ment Association, will be in attendance at the Union League House 
(South Broad Street), at 3 o'clock p.m., to receive and entertain invited 
guests : 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 13 

Committee of Arrangements. — General Louis Wagner, James Beale, 
Esq., and General James W. Latta. 

Committee of Reception. — Ex-Governor A. G. Curtin, J. G Rosen- 
garten, Colonel George A. Woodward, Colonel Alexander Biddle, and 
Colonel Thomas J. Stewart. 

Committee on Behalf of Select Council. — Edward W. Patton, Esq., 
John L. Grim, Esq., John J. McDevitt, Esq. 

Committee on Behalf of Common Council. — Captain James McCor- 
mick. Captain John M. Walton, U.S.A., J. Frederick Loeble, Esq. 

The following-named officers are designated as marshals, and will 
be assigned to their respective duties in future orders : 

General Louis Wagner, Colonel George A. Woodward, General 
James W. Latta, Wallace W. Johnson, General S. Duncan Oliphant, 
Colonel John P. Nicholson, Major John W. Duncan, Captain James 
McCormick, General Russell Tiiayer, Colonel Alexander Biddle, 
Captain John Taylor, Colonel Thomas J. Stewart, Colonel A. W. 
Russell, Major E. M. Woodward, Hon. George Handy Smith, and 
Hon. Upton H. White. 

By order of 

General H. G. Sickel, Chief Marshal. 

Augustus T. Lynch, Special Aid. 

The following are some of the numerous tributes paid to General 
Reynolds by the newspapers on the day of the unveiling: 

{From '■'■The Times;" September 18, 1884.) 
IN MEMOKY OF KEYNOLDS. 

The unveiling to-day of the equestrian statue of General John F. 
Reynolds in front of the new City Hall will be an event of note in many 
ways. With the exception of the figure of Washington at Indepen- 
dence Hall, this will be the first public statue erected in the streets of 
Philadelphia. There are a number of statues of more or less impor- 
tance and of various degrees of merit or demerit scattered through 
Fairmount Park, where most of them, having no relation with any 
architectural surroundings, ai*e misplaced and inefifective ; but even in- 
cluding these, Philadelphia has not done very much to commemorate 
her great men. There is no adequate statue of Penn ; none of Frank- 



14 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

lin, except that in front of the Ledger building; none of Morris, or 
Rittenhouse, or Pastorius, or other of our early civic worthies, and 
heretofore there has been no public statue of any of the military heroes 
of the Commonwealth of either the earlier or the later period. The 
devotion of the soldiers of the Army of the Potomac, aided by the 
generosity of a public-minded citizen, has now supplied this neglect in 
the case of Reynolds, and side by side with his statue we may hope 
soon to see that of Meade, the other Pennsylvania soldier whose name 
was made illustrious in the defence of the State and of the Union. 

It is most fitting that this honor should be paid to Reynolds,-a man 
who fulfilled in every situation in which he was placed the ideal of the 
soldier and commander. It is idle to speculate upon what might 
have been had Reynolds survived that fatal first day at Gettysburg 
which cut short his bright career. That the story of the great battle 
would have been different cannot be doubted, any more than that he 
must have risen to higher and more responsible command. It is possible 
that he too might have been dwarfed by great responsibility, as Burn- 
side and Hooker, and even Meade were dwarfed, though each had won 
a brilliant fame in subordinate command. Reynolds himself, like 
Sedgwick, shrank from this thought, and declined advancement when 
offered him. But up to, and beyond, the full limit of the charge laid 
upon him he displayed all the qualities that command confidence in 
the fulness of his powers and that won for him the distinction of the 
foremost soldier of the Army of the Potomac. 

Other officers were brave and daring ; others had the power of 
command ; others had skill in organization, knowledge of military 
science, the gift of leadership ; but Reynolds had all of these, and with 
them a keenness and quickness of perception — the trained military in- 
stinct that foresaw the occasion and seized it as it arose — that raised 
him above all his brilliant compeers in that glorious army. It may be 
that there was an untried place which Reynolds was not big enough to 
fill ; but he was always bigger than any place he- occupied, — from the 
organization of his brigade in the Pennsylvania Reserves to the com- 
mand of the right wing of the Army of the Potomac, — performing 
every duty with a modest subordination that showed no thought of self, 
yet rising to the full measure of every opportunity that duty brought 
to him. It could not have been otherwise than that such a man should 
win the highest place in military honor and in the gratitude of his 
countrymen. There have been men who owed all their fame to the 
accident of an early death, but Reynolds had already w^on his fame, 
and all the posthumous honors that we can heap upon him we may feel 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 15 

sure that he deserves — sure that he would have deserved yet more had 
he been spared to us. 

The statue of such a man, — the gallant, modest, true-minded gentle- 
man and the brave and skilful general, — set up in a public place, does 
honor to the city and Commonwealth that can claim him as their own. 
It does not merely commemorate some martial achievement. It tells of 
a life of courage, endurance and obedience; of large powers consecra- 
ted to duty and patriotism ; of heroic daring and entire sacrifice — a life 
cheerfully laid down for country and mankind. It is not we who honor 
Reynolds to-day ; it is Reynolds that honors us. 



{From '■'■The Press," September 18, 1884.) 

GENERAL JOHN F. REYNOLDS. 

It is peculiarly fitting that the memory of General John F. Rey- 
nolds should be cherished in the chief city of the State of which he 
was a native, and upon whose soil and in whose defence he nobly died. 
The Reynolds statue which has been erected in Philadelphia, and which 
will be unveiled to-day in the presence of soldiers who escaped the sol- 
dier's death that fell to his lot, and also in the presence of men and 
women to whom the civil war is but an epoch in history, will help to 
recall the patriotism, bravery, as well as the more unusual soldierly 
qualities of one of the best commanders of the Union army long after 
the last survivor of the war has passed away. 

On the twenty-first of this month it will have been sixty-four 
years since there began in pastoral Lancaster the life which ended at 
Gettysburg twenty-one years ago. Between the peaceful early days 
and the heroic ending were many gallant deeds done at Monterey and 
Buena Vista, long marches across the Continent, and dangers from 
the stealthy Indian foe along the Pacific coast, the training and prepa- 
ration which enabled Reynolds to perform the still more conspicuous 
services to be rendered by him in the great battles of the civil war. 
Reynolds was the commandant of cadets at West Point in 1860. In 
1861 he was placed in command of the First Brigade of the Pennsyl- 
vania Reserves, and, upon General McCall's resignation, became com- 
mander of the Reserves. In 1862 he assumed command of the First 
Corps of the Army of the Potomac, and at the time of Hooker's ad- 
vance northward towards Gettysburg, General Reynolds commanded 
the right wing of the army, consisting of three corps. Bull Run, 
where he preserved the famous stone bridge to the Union army, the 



16 REYNOLDS MEMOBIAL. 

first seven days' fight on the Peninsula, the Chancellorsville cam- 
paign, wherein he checked Stonewall Jackson's advance, had brought 
merited promotions. Meade reposed in Reynolds the same confidence 
which Hooker had placed in him. Commanding half the army, Rey- 
nolds, at the head of his old First Corps, opened the Gettysburg fight, 
and died with the command " Forward !" upon his lips. 

On every field of battle, and in organizing raw troops at Harris- 
burg immediately after the Bull Run panic, General Reynolds dis- 
played the highest and rarest qualities of the military commander. 
Calm, self-possessed, and reticent, his plans were carefully matured; 
and in action he led his troops with the daring disregard of danger 
that caused his untimely death. His popular reputation would have 
been greater had he lived to share the honors that fell to the victors at 
Gettysburg, and to assist in the pursuit that followed the victory until 
the fall of the foe at Appomattox. He gave much to his countrymen. 
It is but a slight return they can make by preserving the memory of 
so real a hero. 

{From " The Record," September 18, 1884.) 

To-day the bronze equestrian statue in honor of General John F. 
Reynolds will be unveiled on the north front of the City Hall with ap- 
propriate ceremonies. There will be an imposing civic and military 
display, as there ought to be. It was the fate of General Reynolds to 
give up his life for the life of the nation at the very turning point of 
the war on the soil of Pennsylvania. Some touch of the thankfulness 
which overspi-ead the country after the result of the struggle at Gettys- 
burg will again thrill the hearts of the spectators to-day when the 
statue of General Reynolds is uncovered and the story of his services 
and death retold. Long may the graven image stand to remind the 
beholder of the gallant soldier who laid down his life in behalf of his 
country. 

Among numerous letters received, the following are of special in- 
terest : 

Albany, N. Y., September 14, 1884. 

Dear Sir, — I regret that owing to the change of programme and a 
previous engagement I will not be able to participate in the unveiling 
of the statue of my late commander, General Reynolds. His character 
and services will doubtless be adequately set forth by your orators, and 
the painter and the sculptor have done their part to transmit his 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 17 

form and features to posterity ; but, as I was associated with him for 
many years, it may not be out of place for me to give some personal 
reminiscences. 

It was my fortune upon leaving West Point to be assigned to the 
same regiment with him, the old Third Artillery, to which William 
T. Sherman, George H. Thomas, E. O. C. Ord, Braxton Bragg, and 
other distinguished men belonged. They were all warmly attached to 
Reynolds on account of his soldierlike qualities. Indeed his honor, 
honesty, intelligence, and genial disposition made him a general favorite. 

I next met Reynolds at a critical period in the Mexican war. I 
suddenly came upon him in the early gray of the morning in the pass 
of the Buena Vista, on the high table-land of Mexico, at the foot of 
the great mountain range of the Sierra Nevada. The scene was indel- 
ibly impressed upon my boyish memory. There stood Thomas and 
Reynolds, each leaning upon a gun of Bragg's battery, surrounded by 
dead Mexicans and the debris of the battle, waiting for the signal to 
recommence the action. I asked Reynolds afterwards how he felt when 
he saw the well-appointed army of Santa Anna, 25,000 strong, con- 
fronting our little force of 5000 men. He replied, "I did not allow 
myself to think on that subject, for I might have thought wrong." It 
is not too much to say that the victory we gained that day was due to 
the admirable manner in which those guns were served. 

I do not know whether attention has been called to his volunteer- 
ing to serve as commissary in New Orleans during a severe epidemic 
of yellow fever, but it was much talked about at the time among the 
officers of the regular army. 

In our late civil war I did not meet Reynolds's division until his 
release by exchange from imprisonment in Richmond. He must have 
suffered much during his captivity, for he disliked to refer to the 
subject. 

On the 28th of August, 1862, the day before the second battle of 
Bull Run occurred, Gibbon's division and mine were rudely assailed by 
an overwhelming force under Stonewall Jackson in person. We held 
our ground stoutly. Reynolds heard the firing, and with the true 
instinct of a soldier rode across the country to us. He asked me if I 
needed help, and upon my telling him that we were hard pressed, he 
said he would bring his division at once to our assistance. He went 
back for that purpose, but became separated from his men in the dark- 
ness. 

Two days afterwards, on the 30th, he rendered a special service to 
the army by making a dangerous personal reconnoissance in advance 



18 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

of his pickets. He found, to his astonishment, that a large force of 
the enemy under Longstreet were impending over our left, with a view 
to seize the stone bridge and cut us off from Washington. The 
knowledge thus obtained by him enabled General Pope to retain his 
communications and check the enemy by successive echellons of re- 
sistance. 

The services of General Reynolds at Chancellorsville and Gettys- 
burg have already been fully delineated. His confidence in his troops 
was remarkable. I remember a conversation I had with him upon 
crossing the Potomac at Edwards' Ferry, on our way to Gettysburg. 
He expressed much sorrow and anger at the way in which Pennsyl- 
vania was being plundered, and displayed a strong desire to get at the 
enemy as soon as possible to stop these ravages. He seemed to think 
if he could once meet them with the First Corps there would be no 
doubt of the result. He was right in his estimate, for the desperate 
fighting of his men on the 1st of July contributed to, if it did not in- 
sure, the success of the two succeeding days. 

I think Reynolds, too, is entitled to the credit of selecting the ridge 
at Gettysburg which gave us the victory; for, as you know personally, 
he directed General Howard to concentrate his troops there, and this 
was equivalent to choosing the ground. He had just inspected the 
country from the steeple of the seminary before giving the order re- 
ferred to. 

Upon a recent visit to the battle-field of Fredericksburg, I could 
not but contrast the warm welcome we received with the bitter contest 
that occurred there in December, 1862. 

The Rappahannock, no longer vexed with gun-boats upon its breast 
and batteries along its banks, went flowing onward through peaceful 
valleys toward a peaceful sea. The air, no longer murky with the 
smoke of battle, no longer rent with discharges of musketry, the roar 
of cannon and the bursting of shells, came over us on that bright 
spring day like the breath of a benediction. The scene to me brought 
vividly back the memory of Reynolds as I saw him, just after the gal- 
lant charge made by Meade and the Pennsylvania Reserves, sitting 
upon his horse in front of his corps facing the sharp-shooters of Stone- 
wall Jackson, whose bullets were striking at his feet. 

If you think there is anything in this humble tribute to his mem- 
ory worthy of record, it is at your service. 

Yours very truly, 

Abner Doubleday, 

Brevet Major-General U. S. Army, late Major-General XJ. S. Vols. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 19 

"Washington, D. C, September 11, 1884. 

Dear Governor Curtin, — I should much like to attend the un- 
veiling of the Reynolds monument, taking as I do a deep interest in 
the erection of these memorials of heroism and courage and patriotism 
shown in the defence of liberty. They do honor to this generation, 
and will serve as reminders to those who succeed us that the necessity 
for active patriotic effort and exposure and sacrifice may come to them 
at any time, and thus tend to prepare defenders for the country in any 
future time of need. But I have official engagements at the time 
appointed for the meeting which I cannot neglect, and I am compelled 
to be absent from this interesting ceremony. 

I am, respectfully, your friend and servant, 

M. C. Meigs, 

Quartermaster-Genera] (retired), Brevet Major-General, U.S.A. 

Hartford, Conn., September 10, 1884. 

My Dear Governor, — I regret that I cannot be present at the un- 
veiling of the statue of General John F, Reynolds on the 18th inst. 
No ordinary engagement should have kept me away, but the Board of 
Managers of the National Home meets at Dayton, Ohio, on the same 
day, and I must be present there. 

Of all the men who gave their lives to the country in the civil 
war, no one deserved to have his likeness descend to posterity in 
bronze more than did General Reynolds. The State of Pennsylvania 
is honored for being his birthplace, and its citizens have honored them- 
selves by taking care that his statue shall be erected on their most 
noted site. 

He was the embodiment of all that is noblest and most patriotic 
in men. Bred a soldier, with an experience in war second to none, 
he threw himself into the hurly-burly of the civil war with intense 
energy and enthusiasm, making soldiers out of raw material, leading 
his commands, from brigade to army corps, on every field in the very 
front of the battle, and finally falling at the head of his corps defend- 
ing the soil of his native State, so ending most honorably and most 
happily his noble career. He was beloved by his friends far more 
than is common among men. He was respected by officers of the 
same grade in the service as one able and brave, always of sound 
judgment, careful of the lives of his men, but, alas, too careless of his 
own life when its exposure would do good. Like his friend Sedgwick, 
he, a corps commander also, was killed in the very front of his corps. 



20 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

While every soldier feels that the manner and time of his death 
were a happy rounding of the circle of a soldier's career, yet his friends 
whom he left behind never cease to mourn the untimely ending of a 
glorious life, and sorrow that he did not live to enjoy with the others 
who went through unscathed the honors and rewards that would have 
awaited him as one who deserved well of his country. 

You appreciated him so highly, that it is fit that you should be at 
the head of the Association formed to do honor to his memory. 

I congratulate you and the Association that you have so nobly 
completed the work that you set out to do. 

Truly your friend, 

W. B. Franklin. 

Governor A. G. Curtik, President Reynolds Monument Association. 



Austin, Texas, June 20, 1884. 

Seceetaey Reynolds Monument Association, 

Philadelphia, Pa. : 

Dear Sir, — The circular letter of invitation of the Reynolds 
Monument Association, to be present at the unveiling of the statue 
on July 1st proximo, has reached me here, having been forwarded 
from Richmond, Va. I express nothing more than I sincerely feel 
when I say that, did business occupations permit, it would be a source 
of real pleasure and gratification for me to accept the courteous request 
and join the ceremonies to be held in memory of a gallant and meri- 
torious officer of the civil war. 

The distinguished commander, whose valor and virtue it is the 
purpose of your Association to so fittingly commemorate, fell at the 
post of duty in front of my troops, and fighting against me, it is 
true; but his name and well-earned fame lose none of their lustre, but 
rather gain additional reverence in my eyes because of the fact that he 
did a soldier's part, offered up a soldier's heroic life in a cause that was 
not my own. 

He belongs to that illustrious host of both armies whose bravery 
and devotion on earth endeared them to every true admirer of cour- 
ageous conviction and faithful zeal, and whose kindred chivalry and 
heroism have blended their banners and clasped their hands on those 
eternal plains where the war-drums throb no longer and the battle- 
flags are furled. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 21 

Assuring you of my grateful appreciation of your polite invitation, 
and of a cordial and earnest sympathy in the graceful and merited 
tribute you are to pay to a lamented and merited chieftain, 
I am, with great respect, yours very truly, 

E-. L. Walker, 

Late Brigadier-General commanding Third Corps Artillery, 
Army Northern Virginia. 

St. Louis, May 8, 1884. 

The Hon. A. G. Curtin, 

532 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. : 

My Dear Sir, — It will be impossible for me to come to Philadel- 
phia at the 1st of July, and I write you to express my sense of 
pleasure at learning that the people of his native State have honored 
the memory of my old comrade, John F. Reynolds, with an equestrian 
bronze statue, to be unveiled in front of the majestic Public Buildings 
in Philadelphia on that date. 

I knew Reynolds as boy and man from the day he came to West 
Point, in 1837, to the breaking out of the civil war in 1861. We 
served nine years together in the same regiment, the Third Artillery, 
and when, in 1853, I left New Orleans for California he was aide-de- 
camp to General Twiggs, and volunteered to perform my office of 
Commissary of Subsistence during my absence on leave for six months, 
during which I made my resolution to leave the service and embark in 
civil pursuits. We all supposed he would succeed me in that office, 
but the Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis, gave the appointment to 
another — Captain Kilburn. 

During our civil war our spheres of action were wide apart, but 
knowing his ability, I watched his upward career with intense interest, 
and mourned his death as a brother. His death was heroic, at the 
head of his corps, at the very beginning of the great battle of Gettys- 
burg, and the State of Pennsylvania does herself honor in thus stamp- 
ing with approval the career of one of her bravest, best, and most 
heroic sons. It is thus that the youth of the present generation will 
be encouraged to imitate his example, and, if need be, shed their life- 
blood in her cause. I wish I could be with you to witness the cere- 
mony of unveiling, but distance and other engagements will deprive 
me of the privilege of assisting in doing this honor to a noble gentle- 
man and great soldier. 

With great respect, yours truly, 

W. T. Sherman. 



22 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

The following is an extract of a letter received from General Tru- 
man Seymour, U.S.A. : 

General Reynolds was a man I loved and respected so sincerely, 
so unqualifiedly, that, if in my power, the statue should be of gold 
rather than of bronze. Our land never produced a citizen more worthy 
of emulation in all those qualities that make a chivalrous soldier. I 
was very intimately associated with him from our leaving the Peninsula 
until just before the battle of South Mountain, Reynolds, Meade, and 
myself having bivouacked together almost every night of that rather 
anxious period. Neither then nor at any other time did I ever hear 
from General Reynolds's lips an impatient, angry, or immodest word, 
still less an oath ; his mind was seemingly as calm and serene, always, 
— and my conviction is that his soul was as lofty, — as that of any hero 
of antiquity. Whoever knew him must have loved and revered him, 
as I did. 

General Hancock, who had always manifested the greatest interest 
in the success of the Reynolds Memorial Statue, wrote on September 
17, 1884, regretting his unavoidable absence from the unveiling, in a 
letter addressed to 

Colonel John P. Nicholson, 

Recorder of the Military Order Loyal Legion. 

. I knew General Reynolds well, and knew him to have 
been in all respects one of the very best representatives of the military 
service that appeared during our civil war. He was a model soldier, 
and, in my judgment, a model man. I have never had any doubt of 
these facts at any period in the past, and am satisfied of them to-day, 
and am glad to record my judgment here. I have never heard a con- 
trary opinion expressed by any person who had the opportunity to form 
a just determination. 

And again on September 23d, after thanking Colonel Nicholson 
for the circular issued by the Pennsylvania Commandery, inviting its 
members to be present at the unveiling of the statue of Reynolds, he 
writes : 

I could not pass the occasion by without feeling it a duty to record 
my testimony to the excellence of this gallant soldier. I know of no 
statue too good for such a man, not only in consideration of his great 
services, but for the brilliant example of the life he presented. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 23 

Other letters of regret were received from General Crawford, Gen- 
J/ral Schuyler Hamilton, General Fowler, General Rodenbough, Gen- 
jjral Hunt, General McClellan, General Elliott, General Alvord, Gen- 

'jfiral Townsend, General Kilburn, General Newton, General Parke, 
(General Augur, General Buell, Colonel Paine, General Merritt, Colonel 

IfJudd, Admiral Porter, and other distinguished officers and civilians. 

I The following reports from the newspapers of the day give a full 
' description of the ceremonies : 

{From '^The Times.") 

The noble equestrian statue in bronze of General John F. Reynolds, 
unveiled yesterday in the superb architectural square on the northern 
front of the City Hall, is of heroic proportions, like the life it com- 
memorates. Both horse and rider are modelled on a scale one-half 
more than life size. From a distance it is impressive, and although it 
has been and no doubt will continue to be criticised from an artistic 
stand-point, the statue is undoubtedly a striking one. As the first eques- 
trian figure in Philadelphia it will command attention. It was erected 
by a memorial association at an expense of $25,000, furnished by 
Joseph E. Temple, and stands on a granite pedestal fifteen feet high, 
paid for by State appropriation. Including the pedestal, the top of the 
statue is twenty-seven feet above the pavement. It was unveiled in the 
presence of several thousand people, with soldiers in uniform, veterans 
with their flags and bands in gay attire grouped around the statue, form- 
ing a spectacle. It was an occasion that disclosed to what an extent 
Philadelphia, like so many other old and conservative communities, 
treasures the three kindred traits of reverence for the dead, patriotism, 
and love of military spirit. New York, Chicago, and some other busy 
cities have no time for sentiment; but Philadelphia almost always has 
a statue to some of its celebrities on hand, and its citizens not only find 
time to plan it and money to put it up, but they turn out in volume to 
give the occasion countenance. Thus far most of the statues have been 
placed in the Park, but now the City Hall is to be a nucleus, and the 
architecture of the building takes into account statues on top of it, 
inside of it, and all around it. 

THE PARADE. 

The civic and military personages who were to dignify the spectacle, 
and the organizations that had arranged to participate in the demonstra- 
tion, gathered at the Union League at half-past 3 o'clock in the after- 



24 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

noon. The Girard College Cadets, in gray uniforms and carrying arng 
made a fine military appearance and came down Broad Street with a 
flourish, commanded on this occasion by Major Ryan. Drawn up in tie 
street with them were numerous delegations from Grand Army Post^ 
and nearly all the members of General Reynolds Post, No. 71, whici 
was given special prominence. These, with their bands, formed in a pr*. ' 
cession, and, with General H. G. Sickel as chief marshal, marched as a 
escort for the city and State officials and officers of the army and nay 
who had gathered in the Union League building. With epaulettesi 
aigrettes, cocked hats, cords, stripes, and dangling swords the various 
staff officers made a gay appearance. Surrounding the tall Governor 
were General Guthrie and eight or ten colonels. Generals Hartranft 
and Snowden had each a half a dozen aids in blue and gold. General 
Huidekoper and Colonel Dechert marched with their Grand Army 
corps. Colonel Weidersheim, of the First; Captain Jacobus and 
Chaplain McCook, of the Second ; Colonel Bonnaffon, of the Third, 
and Colonel Wiley, of the Sixteenth Regiments, were some of the 
other State military men. 

ON THE PLATFORM. 

The regular army was represented by Colonel Grier (retired), 
General Merrill, Colonel Ludlow, and Colonel Woodward, and the 
navy by Rear Admiral Mullany, Comodore Roe, Pay Director Russell, 
Colonel Field, of the Marine Corps, and others. Besides these, many 
others of prominence were admitted to the large raised platform erected 
at one side of the statue where the exercises took place. There were 
ex-United States Senator Scott, Judge Allison, George H. Stuart, 
Chairman Perkins, of the Building Commission, Colonel Horatio C. 
King, Secretary of the Society of the Army of the Potomac, Colonel 
Tailof, of New York, General J. J. Dana, of Washington, and Colo- 
nel John Beardsley, of New York, a class-mate of General Reynolds 
at West Point. Among the numerous ladies on the stand were three 
of General Reynolds's sisters, — Mrs. Landis and the Misses Reynolds, 
— and the widow of Admiral Reynolds, and his brother, and other 
members of the family were also present. 

THE WAR GOVERNOR. 

As the striking visage of ex-Governor Curtin, the president of the 
Association, came into view, when he arose to call the meeting to order, 
a great cheer went up that showed there were some in the crowd who 
recognized him and identified him with the stirring times called up by 
the occasion. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 25 

[From the " Ledger.^'') 

UNVEILING OF THE STATUE OF GENEKAL JOHN F. KEYNOLDS 
—CIVIC AND MILITARY PROCESSION ON BROAD STREET— 
THE CEREMONIES AT THE STATUE WITNESSED BY THOU- 
SANDS OF PEOPLE. 

The bronze equestrian statue of General John F. Reynolds, on the 
north side of the new City Hall, was unveiled yesterday afternoon, 
the ceremonies being witnessed by thousands of people assembled in 
Broad and Filbert Streets. The many members of the Grand Army 
of the Republic who participated in the ceremonies had donned their 
uniforms in the morning for a double purpose. The eighteenth anni- 
versary of the establishment of the Grand Array in this State was 
celebrated by a street parade of the organization in the morning. The 
anniversary day will be in October, but it was decided some time ago 
to hold the celebration during the State Agricultural Fair. 

A procession in connection with the unveiling of the statue formed 
on Broad Street, below Sansom, between three and four o'clock. The 
Pennsylvania Reserve Association, two hundred and fifty strong, in 
citizen's dress, and marshaled by Major J. A. McPherran, met in the 
Supreme Court Room and marched thence to 1431 Chestnut Street, 
the temporary headquarters of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
About one hundred members of the latter, with Colonel John P. 
Nicholson as marshal, were escorted by the Reserve Association to the 
Union League House. There the three committees of the Reynolds 
Monument Association were receiving the invited guests. The Com- 
mittee of Arrangements was composed of General Louis Wagner, James 
Beale, and General James W. Latta. On the Reception Committee 
were ex-Governor A. G. Curtin, J. G. Rosengarten, Colonel George 
A. Woodward, Colonel Alexander Biddle, and Colonel Thomas J. 
Stewart. A committee representing the City Councils was composed 
of Select Councilmen E. W. Patton, John L. Grim, and John J. 
McDevitt, and Common Councilmen James McCormick, John M. 
Walton, and J. Frederick Loeble. 

THE MARCH UP BROAD STREET. 

There were about two thousand five hundred persons in the proces- 
sion, which moved from below the League House up Broad Street and 
through the City Hall to the statue. All walked. General H. G. 
Sickel was the chief marshal, and Colonel Augustus T. Lynch his 
special aid. The division marshals were General Louis Wagner, 



26 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Colonel George A. Woodward, General James W. Latta, Wallace 
W. Johnson, General S. Duncan Oliphant, Colonel John P. Nich- 
olson, Major John W. Duncan, Captain James McCormick, General 
Russell Thayer, Colonel Alexander Biddle, Captain John Taylor, 
Colonel Thomas J. Stewart, Colonel A. W. Russell, Major E. M. 
Woodward, State Senator George Handy Smith, and Representative 
Upton H. White. 

First marched one hundred and thirty-five uniformed members of 
the General John F. Reynolds Post, No. 71, G. A. R., to whom was 
assigned the special duty of unveiling the statue. They were headed 
by Commander William Miller. Then followed two hundred Girard 
College Cadets, commanded by Major John W. Ryan, and acting as 
special escort to the Reynolds Monument Association and invited 
guests. Ex-Governor Curtin, Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, the orator 
of the day, Joseph E. Temple, and the Rev. J. Hervey Beale, chaplain, 
walked with the other members of the Association. 

Then came Governor Pattison and the following uniformed mem- 
bers of his staff: Adjutant-General P. N. Guthrie; Colonel P. Lacey 
Goddard, Inspector-General; Colonel R. S. Edwards, Quartermaster- 
General ; Colonel J. T. M. Thompson, Commissary-General ; Colonel 
John I. Rogers, Judge Advocate General ; Colonel Thomas J. Hudson, 
Chief of Artillery ; Colonel L. W. Read, Surgeon-General ; Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel D. Stanley Hassinger, Assistant Adjutant-General; Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel W. R. Hartshorne, and Lieutenant-Colonel H. C. Deming. 
A number of State Legislators, Mayor Smith, and President Perkins 
and other members of the Public Building Commission, came next. 
These were followed by numerous representatives of the city depart- 
ments, members of Councils (the representation of the latter being 
limited on account of their being sessions of both bodies), and a number 
of federal government officials stationed in this city. 

SOME OF THE MILITARY MEN. 

Among the array officers, retired and active, in the line were 
General Grier, General J. William Hoffman, General Henry M. Hoyt, 
Colonel John Devereux, General W. L. James, Colonel G. W. Fred- 
erick, Captain Thomas Graham, Captain Frederick Boland, Captain 
P. D. Keyser, Colonel George Meade, Colonel Tailof, Captain George 
Q. White, Colonel John S. Cunningham, General D. McM. Gregg, 
Colonel William Brooke-Rawle, General William D. Whipple, Colonel 
I. Price, and Major E. W. Coffin. Major-General John F. Hartranft 
and the following members of his staff, all in uniform, also marched : 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 27 

Lieutenant-Colonels George H. North, Charles S. Greene, J. Ewing 
Mears, S. S. Hartranft, E. O. Shakespeare, Walter G. Wilson, and 
F. Perot Ogden. Following them were representatives of the National 
Guard of the city, including Brigadier-General George R. Snowden, 
and Colonels Weidersheim, Dechert, and Bonnaffon. 

Next came members of the Union League, headed by Major E. N. 
Benson, the Pennsylvania Reserve Association, and the Loyal Legion, 
and following these were Commander-in-Chief Robert B. Beath, of 
the Grand Army of the Republic of the United States, and members 
of his staff; Commander F. H. Dyer, of the Department of Pennsyl- 
vania, and staff; Post 2, G. A. R., and many representatives of other 
Posts. Post 2, the only one with the exception of Reynolds Post that 
marched as a body, was accompanied by its firing party, in white uni- 
forms and shakos. 

THE CEREMONY OF UNVEILING. 

The formal ceremonies incident to the unveiling of the statue were 
appointed for 4 p.m., but long before that hour people began to as- 
semble in large numbers in the streets north of the City Hall, so that 
when the procession reached its objective point, Broad Street as far 
north as Arch, and Filbert Street, from Juniper to Merrick, were 
packed with thousands of spectators. On the spacious platform 
erected immediately in the rear of the statue were seated many promi- 
nent citizens and a number of ladies, besides the members of the staffs 
of Governor Pattison and General Hartranft, in full uniform, and the 
Girard College Cadets. 

Ex-Governor Curtin, in calling the assemblage to order, said that 
they were there "as a great Christain people to do homage to the 
memory of a soldier who had died that liberty might survive." He 
then introduced the Rev. J. Hervey Beale, Chaplain of the Pennsyl- 
vania Reserve Association, who offered up a prayer. 

Governor Pattison, on behalf of the State of Pennsylvania, next 
presented the pedestal. He said : 

GOVERNOR PATTISOn's ADDRESS. 

Mr. President, Fellow- Citizens, — The pleasant duty has been as- 
signed to me of presenting to its proper custodians, on behalf of the 
State of Pennsylvania, the pedestal which supports this noble represen- 
tation of one of the Commonwealth's bravest heroes. To other hands 
has been committed the task of telling the story of his great deeds 
and brilliant heroism. They will be the proud boast of the whole 



28 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

country so long as the spirit of patriotism shall inflame the people. 
But the State of Pennsylvania has an especial pride in the memory 
of that son of hers who, at a great crisis, and in a moment of supreme 
danger to the integrity of the republic, did a work of enduring valor 
and sealed with his blood his devotion to his country. 

Pennsylvania may well be proud that on her soil is the spot where 
the flood tide of rebellion was turned to its ebb. 

Yet more glorious do we esteem the heritage of our honor in the 
undying record which the sons of our State wrote in that conflict. The 
name of him whom we to-day honor is both brilliant and mellow, 
Pennsylvania's hero, valor's son. The pen of history has written that 
name glorious, and to that judgment there is no demur. His title to 
fame has been acknowledged from the day when the parched fields of 
Gettysburg drank his blood. Inseparable from every history will be 
a full measure of honor to the faithful and heroic services of General 
John Fulton Reynolds. The State is glad to contribute the pedestal 
which supports this monumental tribute to his memory. Such a trib- 
ute should, to youthful minds, be an incentive to zeal in public service 
and honor in private life. It would fall short of its purpose if it only 
serves to honor the hero. Its purpose is double — to honor the distin- 
guished dead and to instruct the living. It will tell the story of a life 
that was sacrificed for the good of the whole people, and it will also 
inflame public spirit in the living. The spirit of self-sacrifice and 
bravery of the soldier is only another form of the same patriotism 
which should make of the public magistrate a pure and faithful ser- 
vant ; for a brave warrior can scarcely be a bad citizen, and the record 
of such a soldier should be a stimulus and an inspiration to those who 
occupy any position calling for public duty. I take great pleasure in 
presenting this pedestal, which records for posterity the deeds of that 
brave and brilliant soldier. General Reynolds. 

At the conclusion of Governor Pattison's address. Governor Curtin 
said : " We will now unveil this monument to the memory of a brave 
man." 

This was at once done by a committee of Reynolds Post, No. 
71, comprising the following : Comrades W. A. Miller, William 
Mcllvaine, P. Keating, James Atkinson, Lewis R. Robinson, Gery 
Fisher, and R. Skeen. 

As the flags which veiled the statue were drawn aside, revealing 
the massive bronze figure of the distinguished soldier seated on his 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 29 

war horse, the air resounded with the saluting cheers of the thou- 
sands of onlookers and the music of the several bands. 

Governor Curtiu then introduced Mr. Joseph E. Temple, who con- 
tributed the cost of the statue, and Mr. John Rogers, the sculptor, both 
of whom were greeted with applause. 

Addressing Mayor Smith, Governor Curtin then said : "In the name 
of the patriotic and liberal citizen who gave his money to form that 
statue, and in the name of the State of Pennsylvania which contributed 
the pedestal, I present to you this monument commemorative of the 
great soldier who shed his blood for our common country." 

MAYOR smith's ADDRESS. 

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, — I have the honor of receiv- 
ing at the hands of the great War Governor of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania the monument of one of her bravest and most distinguished 
heroes, who gave his life to the nation upon the soil of his native State, 
upon the first day of the greatest battle fought in the war of the re- 
bellion. 

In accepting this memorial of the departed and distinguished sol- 
dier, General Reynolds, permit me on behalf of the municipality to 
guarantee the reverence and admiration of a liberty-loving and loyal 
city, whose proudest page in history shall be that which marks her in- 
fluence in all that makes the nation prosperous, her people happy, and 
her heroes respected. 

On behalf of the city, I am pleased to accept the monument, and 
guarantee its protection and care, feeling satisfied that time will add 
still greater esteem and glory to the illustrous hero whose fame it cele- 
brates. 

The President of the Public Buildings Commission, Mr. Samuel 
C. Perkins, in a few remarks, then accepted the charge of the statue on 
behalf of the Commission, promising that it would be preserved with 
care while the Commission continued in existence, when it would be 
transferred to the care of the municipality. 

Mr. Perkins said : 

3Ir. President, — It was with special pleasure and satisfaction that 
the Commissioners for the Erection of the Public Buildings were able 
to offer an appropriate site within the grounds under their care for 
the erection of the statue of the gallant soldier, General John F. Rey- 



30 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

nolds, to whose efforts, with those of the other brave men who were 
associated with him for the defence of the Union, the city of Phila- 
delphia owes it that to-day she is one of the largest and most prosper- 
ous municipalities of the free, independent, and truly United States. 
And the Commissioners, in receiving from the Mayor of the city the 
care and custody of this monument to the patriotism and devotion of 
the distinguished general who fell so early in the decisive battle upon 
the soil of this his own native State, promise that, so long as the trust 
reposed in them shall continue to devolve upon them the care of these 
buildings and the ground belonging to them, they will see that this 
monument is sacredly guarded from all harm and damage; and when 
the trust of the Commissioners shall have been completed, and these 
buildings handed over to the municipal authorities, finished in all the 
beauty and magnificence of their design, this monument shall be at the 
same time delivered to the same authorities to be preserved during all 
the centuries of the hoped for future of this great city. 

The Girard College Cadets then presented arms, their band played 
the national air, and the representatives of the Loyal Legion, the 
Grand Army of the Republic, the State Fencibles, and other military 
organizations saluted the statue as it was unveiled, while hearty cheers 
were given by the assembled multitude for Reynolds, and for Curtin, 
and Temple, and Rogers, who made their acknowledgments by bowing. 
Finally, when order was restored, Governor Curtin introduced the 
orator of the day. Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, of Chicago, formerly of 
Pittsburg, saying that by the old soldiers of the Pennsylvania Reserves 
Colonel Roberts was affectionately remembered as the colonel of the 
First Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment, and that his gallant services in 
command of that regiment, and of the brigade and division under 
Reynolds, needed no commendation. Even after his health compelled 
him to leave the field, Colonel Roberts had served his native State and 
the Union, and he was sure that he would be heartily welcomed on his 
return to deliver the address of the day, for no man could speak with 
fuller knowledge of General Reynolds. 

Colonel Roberts was received with hearty greetings and long con- 
tinued cheers by the large audience of representative men and women 
on the platform and by the great assemblage of his old comrades, the 
Pennsylvania Reserves, the Loyal Legion, and the Grand Army of 
the Republic, and the crowded mass beyond, and as soon as quiet was 
restored, taking his place in the speakers' stand, he delivered the 
following oration : 



UNVEILING OF TEE STATUE. 31 



OKATION BY COLONEL KOBERTS. 

Colonel R. Biddle Roberts said : 

Honored by the invitation of the Reynolds Memorial Association, 
and still further honored by the request of my old friends and com- 
rades of the Pennsylvania Reserve Association, I am here to endeavor 
to say a word to this assemblage, distinguished alike in civic and mili- 
tary circles; with this surrounding of those men who took part in sus- 
taining their country's constitution when it was in peril, in this grand 
Keystone State, in this noble and historic city, amid these beautiful and 
lofty architectural surroundings, upon this one of the grandest high- 
ways known in all the cities of the Avorld, to do honor to the memory 
of a patriot and a hero. Let us first thank this great city of Philadel- 
phia, that, with a patriotism and a love of duty that will do honor to 
them for all time to come, has allowed us to place this beautiful and 
historic work of art upon, as I have already said, her noblest highway. 
Monumental honors have long been paid to the distinguished of all 
lands ; but this country is the first that has ever paid those honors to 
the private soldier as well as to the most elevated in the ranks of her 
army. He in whose honor the statue just unveiled is erected has since 
his death, as if " in his ashes glowed their wonted fires," been exalted 
by every mark of public confidence and of public regard. West Point, 
from whence his education was originally received, holds upon her 
walls, placed there with becoming and due reverence, a beautiful oil 
painting representative of his well-known features. The field of 
Gettysburg, near the spot on which he fell, has her monument, there 
placed by the affectionate regard of those who served under him on that 
great day. And the Hall of the Historical Society of the State of 
Pennsylvania also contains an oil painting representative of him, made 
doubly dear from the fact that it was given to that society by his 
lamented and accomplished brother, the admiral. With that painting, 
in her archives she holds the admirable paper prepared by Mr. Rosen- 
garten, upon the occasion of the presentation of that portrait, which 
contains within a short space a painstaking account of the life and 
character of the distinguished general. The hand of affection has 
marked the spot where rest his mortal remains in the Lancaster Ceme- 
tery with a plain shaft, bearing a modest statement of his military 
achievements. And we now come together to place, with proper words 
and fit decorum, this grand equestrian statue commemorative of the 
same great life. 



32 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Through the generosity of one of your own citizens, I had almost 
said boundless generosity of Mr. Temple, ample means for the comple- 
tion of this beautiful work were furnished, and his time and attention, 
in addition, given in aiding in the completion of the work. We are 
also indebted to the exertions of the accomplished sculptor, Mr. Rogers, 
who, with the plastic hand of Phidias, designed and completed this 
incomparably grand piece of art. What debt of gratitude we owe to 
the Reynolds Memorial Association for their exertions in this behalf, it 
is not for me now to say, or attempt to describe ; but, through those 
exertions, this " pride of every model and perfection of every master" 
is at last placed upon this, your street, there to be viewed and ad- 
mired for all time by every passer-by of this or any other land ; there 
to be admired, there to be, I had almost said, worshipped so long as 
patriotism has a votary or chivalry an admirer. 

Let me say a word as to the life and character of the man whose 
memory we endeavor to perpetuate. Born in this State, educated at 
West Point, and graduating with her highest honors, early taking his 
place, as entitled, in the armies of the republic, we follow him step by 
step, marking a career always animated by a stern sense of duty, and 
knowing no objective point but the preservation of his country and 
his country's honor. Whether we view him as a youthful subaltern on 
the plains of Mexico, striving to preserve with his gallantry there the 
management of the small portion of artillery with which we were able 
to make our assaults in that land ; whether we follow him through the 
snows of Utah in the unfortunate advance of General Johnson, bear- 
ing all the hardships of that disastrous movement ; whether we come 
back when he assumed his place at West Point as commandant of 
cadets, and is earnestly and actively engaged in instilling into the 
young men under him the high sense of duty which the soldier of 
the American republic should ever feel ; or whether we see him hur- 
ried from that point to the command of a brigade in McCall's division 
early in 1861 ; whether we watch him there, reducing the "raw levies," 
as they were called, to the absolute discipline and elegant drill of the 
most accomplished soldier ; whether we witness him commanding the 
first brigade drill ever had upon this continent, and throwing five regi- 
ments into a hollow square, and forming them with the beauty and 
precision of mathematics ; or whether we see him in the command of 
his division during the battles of the Peninsula; sharing the horrors of 
Libby, and returning to his command without ever pausing to go home, 
or asking for a moment's rest, with his determination and sense of duty 
he reports for orders on the instant he had crossed the James; and who 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 33 

that was there can forget his reception by that corps which he had be- 
fore commanded in battle, who, as he modestly stood in front of them, 
battle-worn, scar-covered, prison-dirty, made the welkin ring with the 
swelling chorus of their mingled acclamations at the sight of their old 
commander? There we see him still undaunted, and animated by the 
same high sense of military duty which ever characterized him. 

From thence we see him advancing to the second Bidl Run, and 
there we know of his high abilities displayed in that last grand stand 
made in front of the Run, when it is conceded, I believe, that it was 
owing to his exertions that the rebel army was held in check, and that 
the army of the United States was enabled to secure the city of 
Washington from assault. Then, as the army advanced towards South 
Mountain and Antietam, he received what must have been to him a 
most trying call, when the patriotic Governor of this State asked that 
General Reynolds might be sent to take command of the raw levies 
that were being raised to go to the support of the Array of the Potomac, 
in case it became necessary. He left his own gallant corps and went 
back and took command of those, which, while they were truly raw 
levies, consisted of the best of the sons of this grand old State, who 
advanced to the defence of her borders with a patriotism and disinter- 
estedness worthy of all honor. And who will forget at the close of 
the hard-fought day at Antietam, at the end of that day when victory 
seemed at last assured to us, how the sound came along the line, "Fifty 
thousand fresh troops under General Reynolds !" Who will forget the 
shout with which this intelligence was welcomed? Who will forget 
that the accomplished and gallant leader of the rebel force, hearing 
these cheers, and doubtless hearing what they were occasioned by, 
and, although perhaps doubtful as to fifty thousand fresh troops, never 
doubtful it was General Reynolds, retired beyond the river and left us 
to the hard-fought field ? Who can forget that from that time, when 
soon after he resumed his old command, of all his achievements, of 
Fredericksburg with all it glories, — yet disasters, — and then of his 
utter self-abnegation in refusing the command of the army, and urging 
that it should be given to his life-long friend and fellow-officer. General 
Meade? Commanding the right wing of that great army, holding 
that command by the request of his old and tried friend. General 
Meade, let me depart here for a moment from the current of our 
thoughts to say that I desire to bear my humble testimony to the worth 
and strength of that friendship. I knew it from both; I have heard it 
in the strongest language from both; and I saw General Meade after the 
close of the war, and had a most pleasing conversation with him in 



34 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

relation to the battle of Gettysburg, in which, with tears in his eyes, 
he exclaimed, " At that moment, on that first day, I lost my great first 
lieutenant." 

We follow him to the battle of Gettysburg. The advance was 
coming. The great rebel host was in force upon the soil of his native 
State, and desecrated it. Everything, we are told, seemed to excite and 
arouse him, and he advanced to meet them with all these surroundings, 
which eagle-plumed his gallant soul as he approached the spot that 
was soon to become tlie great battle-field of the war, and where was to 
be left to the arbitration of the sword the question of freedom or slav- 
ery. We can imagine that, like the "foremost man of all this world," 
who, when he saw the army that was to oppose him filing into the 
plain of Pharsalia, Lucan tells us, exclaimed with delight, "The time 
sought for by me with a thousand prayers is at last presented, and now 
will be submitted to the extreme arbitrament of the sword the great 
question of freedom." So Reynolds saw the advancing host, — Heath's 
division, — headed by Archer's brigade, which he captured, and as he 
turned to reform, and to bring up the others that were to sustain the 
position which in after-time was deemed the great question of the de- 
cision of this battle, the fatal messenger of death, sped by rebel hand, 
closed his grand career. " There perished a life worth whole hecatombs 
of lives." But " sine dolore est quod ferendum est vulnus cum victoria."* 

A word more, and I have done. The war went on and had its 
results; and here, twenty-one years after the last sad event which we 
have been discussing, we assemble yet to honor the brave. Perhaps it 
is not amiss to say that we are told that the ancients, more especially 
the Greeks, at the close of the civil war, erected wooden monuments 
to mark the spot, while the monuments in honor of those who had 
done brave and gallant deeds were made of Corinthian brass and 
Parian marble. The spot where the civil war took place, it was hoped, 
would soon be forgotten, and the wooden monument would crumble 
into dust, but that the achievements of those that had shown valor in 
that, or any other war, on behalf of their country, should be perpet- 
uated in everlasting materials. In accordance with and in promotion 
of this same beautiful sentiment, we unveil this equestrian statue, per- 
petuating the memory of our hero, praying God that 

" — Those who fought for freedom here 
Will guard the heritage they won 
While these green hillsides feel the sun." 

*The wound which comes with victory is borne without pain. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 35 

His name and his fame are one and inseparable. We are told there 
are but two things that are imperishable — fame and a people. May 
we hope that the memory which we desire to perpetuate shall forever 
last, and thus shall live, 

" Unmarred, undimmed, our hero's fame, 
And years succeeding years shall give 
Increase of honors to his name !" 



The formal ceremonies then closed, and the vast and attentive 
audience gradually dispersed, many stopping to take a long look at 
the statue. 

EDITOKIAL COMMENTS. 

The following are among the numerous editorial comments that 
subsequently appeared : 

[From <' The Press.") 

With a noble pageant and brilliant ceremonies befitting the occasion 
the superb equestrian bronze statue of General John F. Reynolds was 
unveiled and delivered to the custody of the city yesterday. It stands 
like a patriot guard at the northern entrance of the new Public Build- 
ings, and will there forever testify to the fortitude, the brilliant exploits, 
and the fealty to the flag of the Union of a gallant son of the Key- 
stone State. Rising rapidly, he commanded with marvellous skill in 
action brigade, division, and army corps of troops always to glorious 
triumph, and on the bloody field of Gettysburg, the grand pitched 
battle of the rebellion, he sealed the triumph that saved the nation 
■with his life. To honor the memory of such an intrepid hero was a 
pleasure to all those who participated in yesterday's display, and the 
statue will remain to tell posterity how we appreciated the services of 
Pennsylvania's great fighting corps commander, General John F. 
Reynolds. 

(From " The Times.") 

The veterans of the late war had possession of the streets yesterday, 
turning out in great numbers to honor the memory of Reynolds, whose 
equestrian statue in front of the new City Hall was formally unveiled. 
Reynolds was identified with Pennsylvania not only in his birth and 
in his death, but by his continuous command of Pennsylvania troops 
through two years of severe service, and a very large number of the 
old soldiers now living in Philadelphia have followed Reynolds on the 



36 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

field. It was with more than common enthusiasm, therefore, that they 
greeted the sculptor's presentation of the familiar figure which had in 
life so often led them into action. It could be wished that the artist 
had given to this figure a little more of commanding dignity, even if 
to do so it had been necessary to give less prominence to the horse, 
whose showy proportions somewhat dwarf and in part obscure his rider. 
But there is an alertness about the figure and a power in the serious 
face that are characteristic, and every soldier of the Army of the Poto- 
mac will recognize the likeness. The statue is in many ways effective, 
and will always command attention, fitly handing down to posterity 
the memory of Pennsylvania's great soldier. 

The day terminated in a fitting manner with the annual meeting 
of the Pennsylvania Reserves, and the reception held by them for all 
who had taken part in the unveiling. The Union League House had 
been generously given to the Reynolds Monument Association for the 
services of the day, and in the evening for the reception. This was 
attended by several hundred of the Reserves, by a large body of the 
Loyal Legion, by the Governor of the State, General Hartranft, General 
Snowden and his staff, and by guests from other parts of the State and 
from other States, and it is described in the following report of the 
proceedings from the Philadelphia Inquirer of the next day, Septem- 
ber 19th : 

PENNSYLVANIA RESERVES— ANNUAL MEETING OP THE ASSO- 
CIATION AND REUNION AT THE LEAGUE. 

The annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Reserve Association was 
held last evening in the Supreme Court Room, when the following offi- 
cers were elected to serve the ensuing year : 

President. — Ex-Governor Andrew G. Curtin. 

Vice-Presidents. — General H. G. Sickel, General Ross Hartshorne, 
and Sergeant John I Faller. 

Recording Secretary. — Captain John Taylor. 

Corresponding Secretary. — Colonel Chill W. Hazzard. 

Treasurer. — Sergeant J. C. Aitkin. 

Also an Executive Committee of forty-five, three from each regi- 
ment. 

Resolutions were adopted appointing a committee to return the 
thanks of the Association to Mr. Joseph E. Temple for his liberal con- 
tribution to the Reynolds monument. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 37 

A resolution was also adopted appointing a committee, of which 
Colonel Woodward is chairman, to take into consideration the matter 
of erecting a proper tablet on the battle-field at Gettysburg where the 
Pennsylvania Reserves fought. 

From 8 to 11 p.m. the Reserves held a reunion at the annex of the 
Union League building. A band of music stationed on the balcony 
performed several selections in the course of the evening. One 
long table, on which was spread a fine collation, extended the length 
of the beautiful hall, and at another table on the platform at the 
northern end of the room was another table at which were seated 
a number of distinguished persons, with ex-Governor Curtin in the 
centre. 

The attendance was quite large, among others present being the fol- 
lowing : Governor Robert E. Pattison, ex-Governor John F. Hartranft, 
Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, First Regiment Reserves; General John 
Taylor, First Pennsylvania Cavalry ; Colonel P. McDonough, Second 
Regiment Reserves; General Ross Hartshorne, Thirteenth Pennsyl- 
vania Regiment (First Bucktails) ; Colonel R. P. Dechert; General 
Louis Wagner, Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania Regiment; Rev. J. Her- 
vey Beale, Chaplain of the Association; Colonel George Meade; Col- 
onel John P. Nicholson, Recorder-in-Chief of the Loyal Legion ; Gen- 
eral J. W. Latta, Colonel William B. Mann, General H. G. Sickel, 
Major George Q. White, Colonel Charles S. Greene, Major Moses 
Veale, and Colonel George A. Woodward. 

After those present had partaken of the good things provided, Gov- 
ernor Curtin, being called on for a speech, made a few remarks. He 
stated that of the war governors of 1862, all were dead but three, 
Kirkwood, Gray, and himself. He intended to live as long as he could, 
as this world was good enough for him. He wished to pay his homage 
of gratitude to this great people of Pennsylvania, who, without regard 
to party, had given him their confidence during the trying times of the 
war. He might lose his good looks, but would always retain his 
cheerful disposition. 

The next speaker was Governor Pattison, who was much impressed 
with the statement that only three of the war governors were alive. 
Many of the events that have failed to be recorded we can obtain only 
from them. Fifty years hence the Permsylvania Reserves will live in 
the hearts of the people in greater appreciation than at present. He 
would rather always remain silent in the presence of the soldiers of 
the war, to whom we are so greatly indebted. He felt grateful to those 
who had gone out in defence of the Union. 



38 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Remarks were also made by ex-Governor Hartranffc, Colonel R. 
Biddle Roberts, Colonel William B. Mann, Colonel H. C. King, Sec- 
retary of the Society of the Army of the Potomac, Colonel Ivan 
Tailof, and others, and the gathering did not disperse until a late 
hour. 



Dear Sir; 



DESIGN OF THE STATUE. 

23 Union Square, New York, October 24, 1884. 



You ask me to give you some description of my statue of General 
Reynolds. 

The intention of the design was to represent General Reynolds in 
the front of the battle-field, as he was the first day of Gettysburg. 
The horse is startled and shying from the noise and danger in the 
direction he is looking, while the general is pointing to the same spot 
and giving directions to his aids at his side. 

Yours truly, 

John Rogers. 



INSCRIPTIONS ON THE PEDESTAL: 

East Front. 
REYNOLDS. 

West Front. 
GETTYSBURG. 

North Front. 
JULY 1, 1863. 

South Front. 
SEPTEMBER 18, 1884. 



UNVEILING OF THE STATUE. 39 

The following is a 

LIST OF THE SUBSCKIBERS 
to the Reynolds Memorial Fund : 

Joseph E. Temple, Philadelphia. 

The State of Pennsylvania. 

Major Philip Schuyler, late Fourteenth U. S. Infantry, New York. 

Colonel E. A. Irvin, late Thirteenth Pennsylvania Reserves, Cur- 
wensville. Pa. 

General George G. Meade Post, No. 1, G. A. R., Philadelphia. 

Lincoln Post, G. A. R., Washington, D. C. 

Walter J. Newhall Post, No. 7, G. A. R., Philadelphia. 

John A. Koltes Post, No. 228, G. A. R., Philadelphia. 

Twelfth Massachusetts Regimental Association, Boston, Mass. 

C. C. Wehrum, late Twelfth Massachusetts, New York. 

Post No. 87, G. A. R., Allentown, Pa. 

H. T. Bleakley, Allentown, Fa. 

Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel James Collins, late Third Pennsylvania 
Reserves, Philadelphia. 

General Langhorne Wister, late Thirteenth Pennsylvania Reserves, 
and One Hundred and Fiftieth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Phila- 
delphia. 

Colonel Thomas Chamberlain, late One Hundred and Fiftieth 
Pennsylvania Volunteers, Philadelphia. 

W. R. Wister, Philadelphia. 

Colonel Alexander Biddle, late One Hundred and Twenty-first 
Pennsylvania Volunteers, Philadelphia. 

Post No. 176, G. A. R., Lewisburg, Pa. 

Captain Charles E. Etting, late One Hundred and Twenty-first 
Pennsylvania Volunteers, Philadelphia. 

Post No. 2, G. A. R., Philadelphia. 

Reynolds Post, No. 58, G. A. R., Weymouth, Mass. 

Captain William Howard Mills, late Fourteenth U. S. Infantry, 
Washington D. C. 

Corporal Skelly Post, No. 9, G. A. R., Gettysburg, Pa. 

General G. A. De Russey, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augustine, Fla. 

General H. G. Gibson, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augustine, Fla. 

Colonel C. A. Wildrich, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augustine, Fla. 

Captain C. W. Hobbs, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augustine, Fla. 

Captain W. W. Gibson, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augustine, Fla. 



40 REYNOLDS MEMORIAL. 

Captain Lewis Smith, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augustine, Fla. 

Lieutenant John F. Mount, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augus- 
tine, Fla. 

Lieutenant C. W. Harrold, Third U. S. Artillery, St. Augus- 
tine, Fla. 

Edward T. Steel & Co., Philadelphia. 

J. G. Rosengarten, Philadelphia. 

General H. G. Sickel, late Third Pennsylvania Reserves, and One 
Hundred and Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Philadelphia. 

W. M. Singerly, Philadelphia. 

John Wauamaker & Co., Philadelphia. 

J. G. Dittman, Philadelphia. 

Jessup & Moore, Philadelphia. 

D. Landreth & Sons, Philadelphia. 

Drexel & Co., Philadelphia. 

Colonel Edwin N. Benson, Philadelphia. 

W. H. Shelmire, Philadelphia. 

Colonel George A. Woodward, late Second Pennsylvania Reserves, 
and Fifteenth Infantry, U. S. A., Philadelphia. 

Colonel James E. McLane, late One Hundred and Forty-second 
Pennsylvania Volunteers, Philadelphia. 

Colonel John W. McElfresh, late Ninth Pennsylvania Reserves. 

Morris Fell, late Pennsylvania Reserves, Philadelphia. 

John C. Cooper, late Pennsylvania Reserves, Philadelphia. 

Wallace W. Johnson, late Sixth Pennsylvania Reserves, Phila- 
delphia. 

S. Castner, Jr., Philadelphia. 

A. Kerr & Bro., Philadelphia. 

John Lucas & Co., Philadelphia. 

Horstmann Bros. & Co., Philadelphia. 

George W. Childs, Philadelphia. 

George Baskins, Philadelphia. 

Hamilton Disston, Philadelphia. 

John Baird, Philadelphia. 

Joseph F. Tobias, Philadelphia. 

George W. Nulty, Philadelphia. 

Major John W. Duncan, late Eighth Pennsylvania Reserves. 

H. D. Landis, late Captain, Landis's Battery. 



1 TRRftRY OF CONGRESS 

ml. 

013 700 0«»^ ^ ^ 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



illilillllllli 

013 700 082 9 



pH8^ 



